Larus melanocephalus
Gawwija Rasha Sewda
Mediterranean Gull, photo by ©Mario V. Gauci 2026
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Mediterranean Gull, photo by ©Mario V. Gauci 2026
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Mediterranean Gull, photo by ©Mario V. Gauci 2026
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Mediterranean Gull, photo by ©Mario V. Gauci 2026
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Mediterranean Gull, photo by ©Mario V. Gauci 2025
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Overall info

The Mediterranean Gull, is a small gull which breeds almost entirely in Europe, mainly in the south east, especially around the Black Sea, and in central Turkey. There are colonies elsewhere in southern Europe, and this species has undergone a dramatic range expansion in recent decades. In winter, this bird migrates to Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts. 

 This gull breeds in colonies in large reedbeds or marshes, or on islands in lakes; where its population is small, it nests in Black-headed Gull colonies. Like most gulls, it is highly gregarious in winter, both when feeding or in evening roosts. It is not a pelagic species, and is rarely seen at sea far from coasts. 

 It can be distinguished from the Black-headed Gulls with which it often associates by its slightly larger size, very pale grey plumage and thicker red bill. The summer adult has a black head; the bird's scientific name actually means "black-headed gull". The similar species Black-headed Gull actually has a brown hood. Adults have no black in their wings. The hood is lost in winter, leaving just a streaked grey mask. Legs are red. 

The Mediterranean Gull's feeding habits are much an opportunistic omnivore, eating fish, worms, scraps, insects and carrion. This bird takes two years to reach maturity. First year birds have a black terminal tail band and more black areas in the upperwings, but have pale underwings. 

Seasonality

Ringing Statistics

  • Species Euring Code: 5750
  • Individuals Ringed by MLV 1965-2024:
  • Total Recoveries: 0
  • Malta ringed birds recovered abroad: 0
  • Foreign ringed birds recovered Malta: 0
  • Maximum Distance: 0 km
  • Maximum Time Elapsed: 0 days
  • Recovery Circumstances:

Map of Recoveries & Telemetry

Projects

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The Tracking Mediterranean Gulls and Yellow-legged Gulls project was developed by BirdLife Malta to improve our understanding of the movements and ecology of two gull species closely associated with the Maltese Islands and in particular Salina Nature Reserve. For the Mediterranean Gull, the project focused on birds wintering at Salina...

Tracked Individuals

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